August Engelhardt

August Engelhardt (* November 27 1875 in Nuremberg , † May 6th 1919 at Kabakon , now Papua New Guinea ) was a German , one of the new religious community founded.
Contents
[Verbergen]

1 Life before 1902
2 In German New Guinea
3 citations
4 Works
5 References
6 Literature
7 External links

[ edit ] Life before 1902

Engelhardt left the school early and completed a pharmacy teaching assistants . Due career he developed an interest in issues of healthy lifestyles, by the Reform Movement was propagated. In fall 1899 he joined the " fountain of youth "in Eckertal the resin to, an association of living close to nature, by the brothers Adolf and Rudolf Just was established and their basic principles vegetarianism and nudism were. The fountain of youth came a little later in legal complications that led to its dissolution, as the practice of nudism was considered illegal and immoral Adolf Just because ILLEGAL activity as a naturopath has been sentenced to prison. It is likely that these events led Engelhardt, a place away from the constraints and conventions of Europe seek to implement his ideas of a nature where life can be connected.
[ edit ] In German New Guinea

In the autumn of 1902 Engelhardt met in German New Guinea, one in the Pacific, where he the conditions that he had in hoping to find. He earned the second October by Emma-Forsayth Coes ("Queen Emma") Company Forsayth a coconut plantation of 75 hectares on the island Kabakon . He settled there as the only white man.

On Kabakon he implemented his ideas of nature-loving lifestyle into reality. He completely abandoned on clothes and fed exclusively vegetarian, mainly of coconuts. With sun and coconuts as pillars developed Engelhardt, a philosophy that increasingly religious took trains: Assuming that the sun is the venerable source of all life, he claimed that the coconut is the fruit of the sun grows closest to, and therefore the most perfect food of the people. This view, Kokovorismus called, culminated in Engelhardt's statement, the constant consumption of coconuts leads man into a godlike state of immortality.

Depending on Engelhardt's philosophy of working out Kokovorismus, the aberrant were his statements. He claimed, the finest organ in the human body is the brain, since it is the sun is closest, and he denied that such a noble part of the body its strength from the deep and dirty digestive tract get, and suggested instead that the brain relates from his energy the hair roots that are nourished by the sunlight would turn. For this reason the wearing of any head covering would be harmful.

Engelhardt is then urged to spread his views, and he wanted a community of like-minded Kabakon to gather around him, which he called "the Blazing Sun". To this end, he let it be known promotional literature in Europe. End of 1903 met the first one newcomer on the island of Helgoland Henry Aueckens vegetarians. Just six weeks later was Aueckens dead, the cause of death could not be determined.
August Engelhardt (standing) and Max Lützow

In July 1904, met Max Lützow on one Kabakon. Lutzow at the time was a famous conductor , violinist and pianist , brought by his civilization fatigue on Engelhardt's north island sun. He talked in glowing letters to Germany from his experiences on Kabakon and increased by the sudden interest in Engelhardt's sunny north.

In October 1903 an open letter published in the magazine Vegetarian Lützows waiting:

"Our company is communist, each settler is co-owner. I am absolutely delighted with Kabakon and did not think that there ever were a place on earth that satisfies all the requirements of my ideal so perfect. [...] I am convinced that everyone who comes here will remain here. " [1]

Other newcomers arrived on Kabakon, until the community involved at its height up to 30 members. However, disillusion quickly set one by disease and accidents. Max Lützow became seriously ill and was in the hospital in February 1905 Herbertshöhe seek, but only until he came to the island Lamassa , where he succumbed to the efforts of the boat in a storm.
Left to right: August Bethmann, Anna Schwab, and August Engelhardt

The other members of the Blazing Sun Kabakon left now, so that was Engelhardt's nudist community before the end, as the nature writer August Bethmann and his fiancée, Anna Schwab, arrived on the island. Together with them, Engelhardt made to it, to propagate his teachings again. Bethmann wrote enthusiastic reports about life on Kabakon, which were published in Germany.

In the meantime, however, also Engelhardt himself was ill. The German guest Willy Bradke, who arrived in March 1906 Kabakon reported by the unexpected Engelhardt's constitution. Only at the urging of Bethmann, he went to the hospital in Herbert height, where a shockingly poor health was found: Engelhardt weighed in at a height of 1.66 meters, only 39 pounds, suffered on the whole body to itch , many had skin ulcers and was from exhaustion no longer walk. Through intensive care, he recovered to return until he fled the hospital, returned to Kabakon and claimed, along with the pus of the ulcer were also the last unhealthy substances out of his body, which would have been prevented or that he in an "essential" condition could go on.

Bethmann himself began to doubt Engelhardt, and told a German official in June 1906 that he planned to flee to the next available steamer New Guinea. But before he could leave, he died of unknown causes. Since it was pre-empted a rift between him and Engelhardt, armed with a deadly result was not excluded, but never could be detected. Whether Bethmann's fiancée Schwab played a role in the dispute, is also unclear. Schwab left the island after Bethmann's death.

Engelhardt had continued to publish advertising material, but that seemed increasingly confused and abstruse. He announced to want to establish an "international tropical colonial empire of Fruktivorismus" of nudism and the sun-worship, which covers the entire Pacific , South America , Southeast Asia and Central Africa should include. As Engelhardt was on the German colonial administration the impression that insane to have become, she made ​​sure that no more newcomers arrived more on his island. The Vegetarian waiting printed in October 1906 warning, which was against urgently from a trip to Kabakon. Nevertheless, Engelhardt was living from 1909 to a curious attraction for tourists , visited the German New Guinea. The plantation, operated since 1909 as Engelhardt & Co., he farmed with his manager Wilhelm Brandtke. In 1910 he tried to register a land of 50 hectares on the island Towalik (west of Kabakon) as his property in the land.

After the outbreak of the First World War, Engelhardt was first in 1915 in Rabaul interned, but was soon on the now Australian Kabakon return occupied. His coconut plantation, he had leased to Wilhelm Mirow, a German citizen with an Australian wife, and devoted himself to the study of indigenous medicinal plants and homeopathy .

Engelhardt died in early May 1919, his body was found on the sixth of May, and his burial place is unknown. Mirow was on 26 July 1919 appointed an executor acted, but insincere. Expropriation by the Australian Law on German property (expropriation ordinance), the remaining assets fell by £ 6 on 6 May 1920 the Australian State of prey.
[ edit ] Quotes

"Naked Kokovorismus is God's will. The pure coconut diet makes immortal and united with God. "

"The sun kokovore man is man, as he should be. The coconut is the philosopher's stone. What are universities against such a lifestyle? "

"The sun is first Kabakon colonize north, and from there the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea and then the islands of the Pacific Ocean, including the tropical Central and South America, tropical Asia and equatorial Africa. I urge all lovers of nature and Fruktivoren modern lifestyle, helping with the construction of the temple of the Palm Fruktivorismus that must raise to participate in the formation of fruktivorischen Empire. "

[ edit ] Works

Bethmann, August, a worry-free future: operational experience counsels of a modern human nature, helping to solve the thorny question of the stomach, Remscheid A. Bethmann, 1898
(With August Bethmann) A worry-free future: The new gospel, and deep-fd wide selection of Humanity ... 5 views umgearb completely. and ADVANCED. Ed, with Herbert Kabakon Height: Bethmann & Engelhardt 1906

[ edit ] References

↑ Susanne Leinemann: The Order of the fruit-eaters, in: mare , no. 83, December 2010/January 2011, p. 55

[ edit ] References

Marc Buhl: The paradise of August Engelhardt, Eichborn, Frankfurt am Main, 2011 ISBN 978-3-8218-6148-7 .
Dieter Klein: German New Guinea as a Utopia. August Engelhardt and his northern sun.. In: Hermann Joseph Hiery (eds): The German South Seas 1884-1914. A book.. Schöningh, Paderborn ua 2001, ISBN 3-506-73912-3 , p. 450-458.
Una Voce - Journal of the Papua New Guinea Association of Australia. Issue 2 / 2005.
Karl Baumann: Biographical Guide German New Guinea 1882-1922 Fassberg 3 2009 (no ISBN), p. 123-125. "Engelhardt, August"
Sven Mönter: Following a South Seas dream: August Engelhardt and the sun north, Auckland, NZ: Research Centre for Germanic Connections with New Zealand and the Pacific, Univ. of Auckland, 2008, ISBN 0-9582345-7-4
Susanne Leinemann : The Order of the fruit-eaters, in: mare , no. 83, December 2010/January 2011, p. 52-55.

[ edit ] External links

Dornseif, Golf: A coconut-Acts as a savior of New Guinea
Horsten, Christina: The first German hippie, in: Sächsische Zeitung, 19 January 2010
Horsten, Christina, and Zeltner, Felix: The Holy Grail, in Süddeutsche Zeitung, 13 June 2009
Jacobs, Angelika: The pharmacy assistants August Engelhardt, in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft online
ZDF reported on A. Engelhardt and the sun north on 20 April, 2010 adventure South Seas, the third part of the documentary series The Empire of the German
Video of the complete broadcast contribution of 20 South Sea Adventure April 2010; about A. Engelhardt, about 3 minutes from about 12:00 and about 6 minutes minutes minutes approximately 29:55
Interview problems with the cinematic representation of the sun north nudists with director Sebastian Dehnhardt
n-tv article: Kokovorismus and free love